Train-shed.



A. L. MOORSHEAD.

TRAINVSHED.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 30. 1909.

Patented M51229, 1910.

4 SHBETB-SHEET l.

A. L. MOORSHEAD.

TRAIN SHED.

APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 30, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2 9 2 R a M d w n m a P A. L. MOORSHEAD.

TRAIN SHED.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 30, 1909.

Patented Mar.29,1910.

SHEETS-SHEET 3.

A. L. MOORSHEAD.

TRAIN SHED.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 30. 1909.

Patented Mar. 29, 1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

ERR-linemen ceeding pair by a'- platform.

platform serves the two tracks upon oppomy invention, said section being taken at UNITED STATES PATENT, OFFICE.

'ALFRED mm noonsnmn, or. annmeroir, new .r'nnsnt.

mam-snap.

ticularly to that type of train shed in which the roof or roof sections are disposed at only arshort distance above the tops oi the cars or locomotives, and in which there are or may be provided openings throu h the roof and extending longitudinally 0% the train shed and over the tracks to permit smoke and gases escaping from the smoke stack of a locomotive to passdirectly to the outside atmosphere.

In railway stations in which there are a plurality of parallel tracks, it is customary to arrange these tracks in pairs, each pair of tracks beingv separated from the next suc- Fhus, each site sides thereof.

in all of the train sheds heretofore designed and with which I am familiar, either a large arched roof or dome is employed, which covers all of the tracks and platforms, or the roof is made up of a series of roof sections supported by columns arranged along the center line of the platforms. in my improved train shed, I arrange the columns or supporting posts between the twotracks of the successive pairs, so that the platforms will be entirely free and unobstructed and the available platform space greatly increased. The columns serve not only for supporting the roof butalso serve as the posts for fences or partitions to prevent persons crossing the tracks from on'e plat'form toanother. The weight of the roof is transferred from the platforms to the space between the tracks, so that subways may be built beneath the platforms and used for the conveyance of freight or baggage, or provided with tracks on which local'trains may be run. ihe high portions of the roof come over the platforms, so that snow or rain falling on the roof drains away from the center of the platform rather than toward it, and the downtake pipes for the rain water come between the platforms Specification of Letters Patent. v Pateniid Application filed March 30, 1909. Serial No. 486,785.

Mar. 29, 1910.

rather than over them, and, therefore, in case of leakage or overflow, the platforms are not flooded. The portions of the roof over the platform may be formed of an unobstructed skylight, and as this skylight is at the high portion of the roof, the minimum quantity of water will run over the glass during a rain storm; There are no columns in the platform to cast conflicting shadows when artificial light is resorted to, and thus,

a number of artificial lights may be used independently of the number of posts or columns. The roof sections are provided with longitudinally-extending smoke outlet ducts, and from the inner margin of each duct, next the platform, depends a bafiie plate or wall, while the portion of the roof sloping upward from the row of columns to the outer margin of the duct is unobstructed beneat-h.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures, and in which- Y Figure 1 is a vertical section through a tram shed constructed in accordance with right angles to the tracks; Fig. 2 is a top plan view of a portion of the train shed, a part of the roof being broken away; Fig. 3 is a vertical section through one unit of my improved shed and showing the same on alarger scale; Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken at right angles to the plane of the roof and showing the portions directly above the supporting columns, said section being taken approximately on the line 4. of Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is a section similar to Fig. 4:, but taken approximately on the line 55 of Fig. 2; Fig. 6 is a vertical section taken on the line 66 of Fig. 5, the position in the roof loeing indicated approximately by the line 6-6 of Fig. 2; Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section taken on approximately the line 7.-7. of Fig. 4, and showing the structural details of one of the depending bafi'le walls; Fig. 8 is a vertical section on the line 8-8 of Fig. 4:; Fig. 9 is a vertical section through the bafiie wall and on approximately the line 9-9 of Fig. 7 Fig. 10 is a face view of the baiiie wall, and constituting an end view of the parts shown in Fig. 9; Fig. 11 is a sectional detail on the line 11l1 of Fig. 6;

. Fig.' 12 is a transverse section on the line 1212 of Fig. 4 Fig. 13 is a vertical section through a modified form of roof and show.- ing the portions above the row of sup orting columns; Fig. 14 is a longitudina section on the line 14-14 of Fig. 13; Fig. '15 is a longitudinal section on approximately the I in Fig. 1-7.

The views llustrate portions of a terminal or way'station, in which the tracks 10 are arranged in pairs, and the platforms 11 extend lengthwise of thestation between the severalmpairs of tracks. The roof of the train shed is supported on rows of posts or columns 12, each row being disposed between the two tracks of a pair, and constitutin part of a suitable fence orpartition 13. Feneath each platform I'maiy; provide a subway 14: extending lengthwisethereof. The platforms constitute roofs or ceilings for the subways and may be formed in whole or in part of glass, to admit light to the subway from above and obviate the necessity for artificial illumination. The adj acent rows of posts are disposed upon opposite sides of the intermediate platform, and the roof, which is supported by these posts, is formed ofa series of roof sections, each roof section extending over a platform and being supported by the two opposite rows of posts. As many units or roo sections are provided as there are platforms, and all of these units or roof sections are substantially alike. Each roof section or unit includes a plurality of pairs of rafters 15, the two rafters of each pair being supported at their outer and lower ends upon the posts, and in engagement with girders 16 extending lengthwise of the row of posts. The upper ends of the rafters meet at a ridge plate 17 dis osed centrally over the platform. The ra ters are placed at such a height that'an ordinary locomotive or car may pass beneath them at their lower ends and adjacent the pbsts or columns, but the distance between the rafters and the tops of the smoke stacks and car roofs, is reduced to the minimum for safety. Extending lengthwise of the roof and connecting ad acent rafters 15, is a plate or bafile 18. This plate extends lengthwise of the roof and may lie in substantially a vertical plane, but preferably the plate stands at a slight angle with its lower edge inclined away from the adjacent row of posts or columns. The upper edge of the plate may, if desired, extend a slight distance above the upper edge of the rafters, so as to form with the adjacent roof, at utter or trough 19 for rain water. The p ate extends downwardly below the lower edges of the rafters, so as to form a depending baflle. The plate is disposed above the corresponding track and is adjacent the center line of the track, but at a short distance at the side thereof toward the platform The details of the roof between the twoplates or baflies 18, 18 of each section may be varied somewhat but preferably l connect the ridge plate 17 to each bafile plate 18 by a plurality of purlins or sub-rafters 20, which may be of'a great deal lighter construction than the main rafters.

Between the two battle plates 18, 18, are skylights 21 covering the entire area over the platform. The s lights need not extend entirely to the be e plates 18, but, instead, I may interpose any ordinary form of impervious roofing 22 extending from the lower edge of the skylight section to the baffle 18, and forming with the latter the trough 19.

At night, the platforms .may be illuminated by any suitable form of lamps or other illuminating means 23, suspended from the roof along the ridge plate.

Between the baffle 18 of one roof section and the baflle 18 of the next adjacent roof section, that is, the part over the row of columns, I provide a roofing formed of two v lie 18. The outer edge of each roof portion 2a is spaced from the upper edge of the adj acent bafile 18, so as to leave therebetween an opening, duct or passage 26, centrally disposed over the track and extending lengthwise of the shed. The roof portion 24 and the bafile 18 are approximately at right angles to each other, and the smoke stack of the locomotive comes at one side of the baffle 18 and below the roof portion 24, so as to deliverdirectly toward the outlet passage or duct 26. The smoke stack of the locomotive thus acts like an ejector nozzle between the converging bafiie and roof, so that the escape of smoke and gases from the smoke stack automatically draws in steam, heated air, or smoke within the train shed toward the outlet passa e 26 and ejects them to the outside atmosp ere. Furthermore, any smoke or gases which collect beneath the roof portions 24: will, in their natural tendency to rise, travel along the under sides of said roof portions and escape directly to the atmosphere. There is no obstruction whatsoever on the under side of these roof portions, and the free ed es thereof are at a higher elevation than t e upper edges of the baffles, which in itself facilitates the escape of smoke. The baffles 18 not only prevent the smoke issuing from the blow beneath the roof portions 24 and out the next duct or passage, to aid in the removal of smoke from the train shed. The other baffle 18 will prevent anyt transverse wind from blowing the smoke from one smoke stack out beneath the portion of the roof over the platform.

For supporting the roof portion 24, T provide over each rafter 15 a vertically-extending partition or wall 27 of a length substantially equal to the total width of the two ad acent roof portions 24, 24:- The rafters are spaced apart a considerable distance, and as the plates 27 are located only overrthese rafters, I provide additional supporting means for the roof sections 24 intermediate the plates. This means includes a plurality of brackets or T-shaped plates 28 resting upon the girders 16 and. having their lower edges extending upwardly diagonally to the outer edges of the roof sections 24. Each plate 28 (see Figs. 5 and 6) may be considered as comprising twe triangular brackets, each having an approximately horizontal edge beneath the roof portion 24, a vertical edge extending upwardly. from the girder, and a diagonal edge extending from the irder upwardly and outwardly to the free edge of the roof portion.

The rain water which falls on the roof portions 24 collects in the center trough 25, while the rain water which falls on the skylights and roof portions 22 collects in the gutters 19. To conduct ofl this rain water, the trough 25 may be inclined downwardly from each alternate post to the intermediate posts, and at the low points, that is, at each alternate post, it may be pro vided with a downtake pipe 29, as shown particularly in Fig. 6. The upwardly-extending edges of the baffles 18 may be provided with openings 30 therethrough at intervals along the length thereof, and from I each opening a trough or conduit 31 (see Figs. (5, 9 and 10), may extend across the smoke outlet passage or duct 26 to the girder and there unite with a trough or conduit 32 (see Figs. 6 and 11) extending along the top of the girder to the downtake pipe 29. This downtake pipe 29 is located adjacent one of the posts and may extend down along the side of the post to the base of the latter to deliver the water to the sewer or dispose of it in any other suitable manner.

In the specific form of train shed illustrated in Fig. 3, the roof portions 24 are located approximately in a plane parallel to the roof portions 22 and at a higher elevation, and these last-mentioned roof portions are in the same plane as the. skylights 21. The roof portions 24: are spacedv above the upper edges of the rafters, while the roof portions 22 and the skylights are supported substantially in the plane of the upper edges of the rafters. I may, if desired, arrange the roof sections at opposite edges of the smoke outlet, in substantially the same plane and dro them down" to the plane of the lower e ges of the rafters.

In Figs. 13 to 16, inclusive, 1 have illus trated a slightly different form of roof, in which the same posts, irders, rafters and skylights are employed, ut in which a wall 33 extends downwardly from the lower edge of the skylight 21 to the lower edge of the rafters 15, and there connects with a roof section 22 disposed substantially in the plane of the lower edge of the rafters. A battle 18 extends downwardly from the lower edge of the girders and its upper edge extends above the roof section 22 a sufiicient distance to form a trough 19*. At intervals along the length of this trough, the baflie is provided with an opening 30 through which the water may reach a short trough 31*, bridging across the smoke outlet 26. Extending outwardly from the girder 16 are roofs sections 24, substantially in the plane of the roof sections 22 and spaced from the battlesto leave the smoke outlets. These roof sections slant downwardly toward the girders 16 and serve not only to protect the portions of the car roofs and the train shed between the tracks, but also to receive the rain water from the troughs 31 and deliver it to a downtake 29. To prevent the wind from blowing snow oh the roof sections 24, the latter, adjacent their outer edges, if desired, may be provided with a plurality of upwardly-extending posts or bars 34, which support a series of substantially parallel wires 35. These wires are sufiicient to cause slight eddies in the wind and cause a bank or ridge of snow to accu mulate at this point and prevent its blowing over the edge of the roof section.

It is, of course, understood thatthe girders, rafters, columns, batiies, roof sections. &c., may be constructed of any suitable material and held together in any suitable or approved manner. In the form illustrated. I provide a framework of structural steel including plates, angle irons, bars, &c., suitably riveted together, and the entire ironwork covered with concrete. Even in the combined steel and concrete structure illustrated, the details of the steel-work and the arrangement of the concretemay be varied.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a low-roofed railroad train shed; in combination with a series of pairs of railroad tracks and platforms extending between the several successive pairs; a series of rows of posts or columns, a row being disroad tracks and platforms extending between the several successive pairs; a series of rows of posts or columns, a row being disposed between the two tracks of each pair of tracks and midway between said platforms, whereby the platforms are unobstructed by columns, and a roof suproad tracks and platformsextending between the several successive pairs; a series of rows of posts or columns, a row being disposed between the two tracks of each pair of tracks and midway between said plat forms, whereby the platforms are unobstructed by columns, the members of said rows being connected by means constitutin posts or columns. consisting of a plurality of sections, each section spanning a single I platform and the two tracks at opposite sides thereof.

6. In a low-roofed railroad train shed; in combination with a series of pairs of railroad tracks and platforms extending between i the several successive pairs; a series of rows ported by said posts or columns, consisting 1 of a plurality of sections, each sect-ion spanning a single platform and the two tracks at opposite sides thereof, having its highest region over the center of its platform and thence sloping downward at both sides to the two rows of supporting columns, and each roof section having a skylight portion in its high part directly over its platform.

1-3. In a low-roofed railroad train shed; in combination wit-h a series of pairs of railroad track platforms extending between the several successive pairs, and longitudinally extending subways beneath said platforms and of which said platforms form the roofs; a series of rows of posts or columns, a row being disposed between the two tracks of each pair of tracks and midway between said platforms, whereby the platforms are free of the Weight of columns or roof. and a roof supported by said posts or columns, consisting of a plurality of sections, each section spanning a single platform and the two tracks at opposite sides thereof.

4. In a low-roofed railroad train shed; in combination with a series of pairs of railroad tracks, platforms extending between the several successive pairs, and longitudinally extending subways beneath said platforms and of which said platforms form the roofs, said platforms having transparent portions for illuminating said subways; a series of rows of posts or columns. a row being disposed between the two tracks of each pair of tracks and midway between said platforms. whereby the platforms are unobstructed and free of the weight of colunms or roof, and a roof supported by said posts or columns, consisting of av plurality of sections, each section spanning a single platform and the two tracks at opposite sides thereof and having a skylight portion dircctly over the platform.

5; In a low-roofed railroad train shed; in ombination with a series of pairs of railof posts or columns, arow being disposed between the two tracks of each pair of tracks and midway between said platforms, and a roof supported by said posts or columns,

, consisting of a plurality of sections, each section spanning a 1 two tracks at opposite sides thereof, having single platform and the its highest region over the center of its platform and thence sloping downward at both sides to the two rows of supporting columns, each section having two longitudinally extending ventilating ducts disposed directly over the corresponding two tracks, the inner margin of each duct, next the platform, having a depending bafiie adapted to prevent smoke and gases issuing from the stacks of locomotives on the corresponding track entering beneath the portion of the roof section over the platform, and the portion of the roof section sloping upward from the row of supporting columns to the outer edge of each duct being unobstructed beneath, whereby smoke rising under such portion escapes freely through the duct.

7. In a low-roofed railroad train shed; in combination with a series of pairs of railroad tracks and platforms extending between the several successive pairs; a series of rows of posts or columns, a row being disposed between the two tracks of each pair of tracks and midway between said platforms, and a roof supported by said posts orcolumns, consisting of a plurality of sections, each section having two longitudinally extending ventilating ducts disposed directly over the corresponding two tracks, the inner margin of each duct, next the platform, having a depending battle adapted to prevent smoke (7 them fences, and a roof supported by said i outer margin of the duct, at a greater elevation than the inner margin ofthe duct, so that transverse currents of air may displace smoke and gases beneath said portion.

8. In a low-roofed railroad train shed; in combination with a platform and two tracks at opposite sides thereof; a roof section spanning said platform and tracks and having two longitudinal ventilating ducts disposed directly over said tracks, the inner margin of each duct, next the platform, having a depending bafiie inclined inward toward the platform.

9. In a low-roofed train shed; in combination with a platform and two tracks at 0pposite sides thereof; a roof section spanning said platform and tracks and having two longitudinal ventilating ducts disposed directly over said tracks, said section having its highest part over the center of the platform and thence sloping downward in both directi ons to the inner margins of said ducts, the portions of the roof section at the outer sides of said ducts also sloping downward in the same direction but in a higher plane, downtake from the outer margins of these porlions, and conduits discharging from the inner margins of said ducts across beneath said portions and thence down.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of the subscribing witnesses.

ALFRED LEE MOORSHEAD.

Vi'itnesses CLAIR W. FAIRBANK, DONALD J. DoRLANo, LEON G. LORIMER. 

